{"id":47162,"date":"2024-01-30T17:22:08","date_gmt":"2024-01-30T21:22:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thebeertimes.com\/?p=47162"},"modified":"2026-10-05T11:57:12","modified_gmt":"2026-10-05T15:57:12","slug":"hymn-to-ninkasi-oldest-beer-recipe-in-history","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thebeertimes.com\/en\/hymn-to-ninkasi-oldest-beer-recipe-in-history\/","title":{"rendered":"The “Hymn to Ninkasi”: The Oldest Beer Recipe in History?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Beer is the second most consumed alcoholic beverage in the world, and it carries a long and distinguished legacy. In fact, it is older than wine and older than whiskey.<\/p>\n

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Figurine of the goddess Ninkasi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Its origins even predate agriculture. In 2018, a team from Stanford University and the University of Haifa identified residues of a fermented wheat and barley drink in 13,000-year-old stone mortars at Raqefet Cave, in Israel, used by the Natufians, a people of hunter-gatherers (Liu et al., 2018<\/a>).<\/p>

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Maridaje de cerveza y marihuana. La ciencia sensorial para el sommelier moderno<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Comprar en Amazon<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

The find strengthens the theory that beer may have driven the rise of agriculture<\/a>. Yet it is not until the 4th millennium BC that we have sources documenting the deliberate production of beer<\/a> in ancient Sumer.<\/p>\n

Around the same time, at Godin Tepe, a trading outpost in the Zagros Mountains of present-day Iran, a jar dated between 3500 and 3100 BC preserves traces of calcium oxalate, the main component of beerstone.<\/p>\n

It is the oldest known chemical evidence of barley beer (Michel, McGovern and Badler, Nature, 1992<\/a>). Beer has also been described as the “midwife of civilization” because of its central role in agriculture, trade, urbanization and medicine.<\/p>\n